Ask the Interpreter

Yes, coaches can now challenge pass interference calls (both offensive and defensive) following the 2019 rule change approved by the NFL. However, there are limitations:

• Each team gets one challenge per game for pass interference
• The challenge is lost if the ruling is upheld
• If the call is reversed, the challenge is retained

Any player or non-player who leaves the bench area during a fight or physical confrontation will be ejected and subject to additional penalties. This includes:

• Unsportsmanlike conduct penalty (15 yards)
• Automatic ejection from the game
• Possible suspension for subsequent games

The spot of the ball on a fumble depends on which team last had possession:

• If the offense fumbles, the ball is spotted where the ball was recovered (unless recovered by the fumbling team beyond the spot of the fumble)
• If the defense recovers, the ball is spotted at the point of recovery
• In overtime, a fumble that crosses the goal line and is recovered by the defense results in a touchback

A catch requires three elements:

• Control: The player must secure possession of the ball
• Two feet down: The player must touch the ground with both feet or another body part
• Maintain possession: The player must hold the ball through the catch and be able to perform a football move

If any of these elements are missing, it's incomplete.

When a quarterback slides feet-first, they are considered a defenseless player. Defensive players must:

• Make an effort to avoid contact
• Not hit the quarterback with their helmet, face mask, or shoulder
• Not attack the quarterback's legs below the knees

Violations result in a 15-yard penalty and possible ejection for egregious hits.